A pulmonary function test (PFT) is a set of diagnostic tests used to evaluate your child’s lung function or to measure any change in lung health. Pulmonary function testing is often used to diagnose and monitor chronic pulmonary conditions, such as asthma, cystic fibrosis, or bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Spirometry is one of the most common types of pulmonary function tests and is performed by blowing into a plastic tube. The test measures how much air your child can exhale in a single breath and how fast the air comes out. It is especially helpful for determining whether any blockages in the airways impair breathing. Lung volume tests measure the total amount of air your child’s lungs can hold. This test, too, involves breathing through a plastic tube. It can either be done sitting in an enclosed space that can measure pressure differences when taking a big breath or by breathing a mixture of air and a very small and completely safe amount of helium, and measuring the concentration of helium at various points in the process.
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